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1 publication order number: tlv431a/d ? semiconductor components industries, llc, 2008 january, 2008 - rev. 10 tlv431a, tlv431b low voltage precision adjustable shunt regulator the tlv431a and b series are precision low voltage shunt regulators that are programm able over a wide voltage range of 1.24 v to 16 v. the tlv431a series features a guaranteed reference accuracy of 1.0% at 25 c and 2.0% over the entire industrial temperature range of -40 c to 85 c. for tlv431b series, the accuracy is even higher, it's 0.5% and 1.0% respectively. these devices exhibit a sharp low current turn-on characteristic with a low dynamic impedance of 0.20 over an operating current range of 100 a to 20 ma. this combination of features makes this series an excellent replacement for zener diodes in numerous applications circuits that require a precise reference voltage. when combined with an optocoupler, the tlv431a/b can be used as an error amplifier for controlling the feedback loop in isolated low output voltage (3.0 v to 3.3 v) switching power supplies. these devices are available in economical to-92-3 and micro size tsop-5 and sot-23-3 packages. features ? programmable output voltage range of 1.24 v to 16 v ? voltage reference tolerance 1.0% for a series and 0.5% for b series ? sharp low current turn-on characteristic ? low dynamic output impedance of 0.20 from 100 a to 20 ma ? wide operating current range of 50 a to 20 ma ? micro miniature tsop-5, sot-23-3 and to-92-3 packages ? pb-free packages are available applications ? low output voltage (3.0 v to 3.3 v) switching power supply error amplifier ? adjustable voltage or current linear and switching power supplies ? voltage monitoring ? current source and sink circuits ? analog and digital circuits requiring precision references ? low voltage zener diode replacements - + 1.24 v ref reference (r) cathode (k) anode (a) figure 1. representative block diagram to-92 lp suffix case 29 tsop-5 sn suffix case 483 1 2 3 5 4 sot-23-3 sn1 suffix case 318 1 2 3 see detailed ordering and shipping information in the package dimensions section on page 11 of this data sheet. ordering information see general marking information in the device marking section on page 10 of this data sheet. device marking information and pin connections http://onsemi.com 1 2 3 1 2 bent lead tape & reel ammo pack straight lead bulk pack 3
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 2 reference (r) cathode (k) anode (a) anode (a) reference (r) cathode (k) the device contains 13 active transistors. device symbol figure 2. representative device symbol and schematic diagram maximum ratings (full operating ambient temperature range applies, unless otherwise noted) rating symbol value unit cathode to anode voltage v ka 18 v cathode current range, continuous i k -20 to 25 ma reference input current range, continuous i ref 0.05 to 10 ma thermal characteristics lp suffix package, to-92-3 package thermal resistance, junction-to-ambient thermal resistance, junction-to-case sn suffix package, tsop-5 package thermal resistance, junction-to-ambient sn1 suffix package, sot-23-3 package thermal resistance, junction-to-ambient r ja r jc r ja r ja 178 83 226 491 c/w operating junction temperature t j 150 c operating ambient temperature range t a 40 to 85 c storage temperature range t stg 65 to 150 c maximum ratings are those values beyond which device damage can occur. maximum ratings applied to the device are individual str ess limit values (not normal operating conditions) and are not valid simultaneously. if these limits are exceeded, device functional operation i s not implied, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. note: this device series contains esd protection and exceeds the following tests: human body model 2000 v per mil-std-883, method 3015. machine model method 200 v. p d t j(max) t a r ja recommended operating conditions condition symbol min max unit cathode to anode voltage v ka v ref 16 v cathode current i k 0.1 20 ma
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 3 electrical characteristics (t a = 25 c unless otherwise noted) characteristic symbol tlv431a tlv431b unit min typ max min typ max reference voltage (figure 3) (v ka = v ref , i k = 10 ma, t a = 25 c) (t a = t low to t high , note 1) v ref 1.228 1.215 1.240 - 1.252 1.265 1.234 1.228 1.240 - 1.246 1.252 v reference input voltage deviation over temperature (figure 3) (v ka = v ref , i k = 10 ma, t a = t low to t high , note 1) v ref - 7.2 20 - 7.2 20 mv ration of reference input voltage change to cathode voltage change (figure 4) (v ka = v ref to 16 v, i k = 10 ma) v ref v ka - -0.6 -1.5 - -0.6 -1.5 mv v reference terminal current (figure 4) (i k = 10 ma, r1 = 10 k , r2 = open) i ref - 0.15 0.3 - 0.15 0.3 a reference input current deviation over temperature (figure 4) (i k = 10 ma, r1 = 10 k , r2 = open, notes 1, 2) i ref - 0.04 0.08 - 0.04 0.08 a minimum cathode current for regulation (figure 3) i k(min ) - 55 80 - 55 80 a off-state cathode current (figure 5) (v ka = 6.0 v, v ref = 0) (v ka = 16 v, v ref = 0) i k(off) - - 0.01 0.012 0.04 0.05 - - 0.01 0.012 0.04 0.05 a dynamic impedance (figure 3) (v ka = v ref , i k =0.1 ma to 20 ma, f 1.0 khz, note 3) |z ka | - 0.25 0.4 - 0.25 0.4 1. ambient temperature range: t low = 40 c, t high = 85 c. 2. the deviation parameters v ref and i ref are defined as the difference between the maximum value and minimum value obtained over the full operating ambient temperature range that applied. v ref max v ref min t 1 t 2 ambient temperature v ref = v ref max - v ref min t a = t 2 - t 1 the average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, v ref is defined as: v ref ppm c ( v ref ) v ref (t a 25 c) 10 6 t a v ref can be positive or negative depending on whether v ref min or v ref max occurs at the lower ambient temperature, refer to figure 8. example: v ref = 7.2 mv and the slope is positive, example: v ref @ 25 c = 1.241 v example: t a = 125 c v ref ppm c 0.0072 1.241 125 46ppm c 10 6 3. the dynamic impedance z ka is defined as: ? z ka ? v ka i k when the device is operating with two external resistors, r1 and r2, (refer to figure 4) the total dynamic impedance of the cir cuit is given by: ? z ka ? ? z ka ? 1 r1 r2
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 4 figure 3. test circuit for v ka = v ref figure 4. test circuit for v ka
v ref figure 5. test circuit for i k(off) i k input v ka v ref i k(off) input v ka i k input v ka v ref i ref r2 r1 v ka v ref 1 r1 r2 i ref r1 vref (min) vref (typ) figure 6. cathode current vs. cathode voltage figure 7. cathode current vs. cathode voltage figure 8. reference input voltage versus ambient temperature figure 9. reference input current versus ambient temperature v ka , cathode voltage (v) 30 20 10 0 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 -0.5 -1.0 i k , cathode current (ma) v ka , cathode voltage (v) 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 90 70 50 30 10 -10 -30 i k , cathode current ( a) -10 110 t a , ambient temperature ( c) 1.25 1.23 35 10 -15 -40 v ref , reference input voltage (v) t a , ambient temperature ( c) 85 60 35 10 -15 -40 0.14 0.13 0.12 i ref , reference input current ( a) 1.22 0.15 85 60 1.24 i k input v ka v ka = v ref t a = 25 c i k input v ka v ka = v ref t a = 25 c i k input v ka i k = 10 ma 10 k i ref v ka = v ref i k = 10 ma input i k v ka vref (max) i k(min) tlv431a typ.
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 5 figure 10. reference input voltage change versus cathode voltage figure 11. off-state cathode current versus cathode voltage figure 12. off-state cathode current versus ambient temperature figure 13. dynamic impedance versus frequency figure 14. dynamic impedance versus ambient temperature figure 15. open-loop voltage gain versus frequency v ka , cathode voltage (v) 0 -2.0 -6.0 -8.0 12 8.0 4.0 0 v ref , reference input voltage change (mv) v ka , cathode voltage (v) 20 12 8.0 4.0 0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 i k(off) , cathode current ( a) -10 4.0 -4.0 16 t a , ambient temperature ( c) 0.4 0.3 35 10 -15 -40 i off , off-state cathode current ( a) f, frequency (hz) 10 m 10 k 1.0 k 0.1 | , dynamic impedance (ohm) 0 10 0.1 100 k 1.0 m 60 85 1.0 za| t a , ambient temperature ( c) 0.23 0.21 0.20 35 10 -15 -40 |za|, dynamic impedance (ohm) f, frequency (hz) 1.0 m 1.0 k 100 50 40 30 20 10 0 a vol , open loop voltage gain (db) 0.19 60 0.22 10 k 100 k 85 60 0.24 i off input v ka v ka = 16 v v ref = 0 v i off input v ka v ka = 16 v v ref = 0 v i k input v ka r1 r2 v ref 8.25 k 15 k i k 230 output 9 f 50 + - output i k + - i k = 10 ma t a = 25 c i k = 0.1 ma to 20 ma t a = 25 c i k = 10 ma t a = 25 c 0.2 i k = 0.1 ma to 20 ma f = 1.0 khz 50 + - output i k t a = 25 c 16
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 6 t a = 25 c c l , load capacitance 10 pf 100 pf 20 15 10 5.0 0 i k , cathode current (ma) 25 1.0 nf 0.01 f 0.1 f 100 f 1.0 f 10 f c a b d stable stable stable figure 16. spectral noise density figure 17. pulse response f, frequency (hz) 350 275 10 k 1.0 k 100 10 noise voltage (nv/ 250 300 100 k 325 figure 18. stability boundary conditions i k v ka = v ref i k = 10 ma t a = 25 c i ref input output 50 pulse generator f = 100 khz output input hz) figure 19. test circuit for figure 18 c l i k 1.0 k v+ output input 1.8 k 0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10. 0 0 2.0 0 0.5 (volts) 1.0 1.5 t, time ( s) t a = 25 c 1.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 9.0 unstable regions v ka (v) r1 (k ) a, c v ref b, d 5.0 0 30.4 r2 r1 r2 (k ) 10 stability figures 18 and 19 show the stability boundaries and circuit configurations for the worst case conditions with the load capacitance mounted as close as possible to the device. the required load capacitance for stable operation can vary depending on the operating temperature and capacitor equivalent series resistance (esr). ceramic or tantalum surface mount capacitors are recommended for both temperature and esr. the application circuit stability should be verified over the anticipated operating current and temperature ranges.
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 7 figure 20. shunt regulator figure 21. high current shunt regulator v out 1 r1 r2 v ref v out 1 r1 r2 v ref r1 r2 v out v in r1 r2 v out v in typical applications figure 22. output control for a three terminal fixed regulator figure 23. series pass regulator v out 1 r1 r2 v ref v out(min) v ref 5.0v v out 1 r1 r2 v ref v out(min) v ref v in v out r1 r2 v in v out r1 r2 out in mc7805 common v in(min) v out v be
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 8 figure 24. constant current source figure 25. constant current sink i out v ref r cl i sink v ref r s figure 26. triac crowbar v out(trip) 1 r1 r2 v ref figure 27. scr crowbar v out(trip) 1 r1 r2 v ref v in v out r cl v in r s i sink v in v out r2 v in v out r1 r2 r1 i out
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 9 figure 28. voltage monitor figure 29. linear ohmmeter figure 30. simple 400 mw phono amplifier lowerlimit 1 r1 r2 v ref l.e.d. indicator is `on' when v in is between the upper and lower limits, upperlimit 1 r3 r4 v ref led r1 r2 r3 r4 v in 10 k calibrate - + 25 v -5.0 v v out 25 v 2.0 ma 5 k 1% 50 k 1% 1.0 m 1% range r x 1n5305 1.0k v 1.0m v 10k v 500 k 1% 100k v 360 k 56 k 10 k 330 t1 8.0 38 v 470 f 1.0 f 0.05 f + 25 k volume 47 k t1 = 330 to 8.0 r x v out v range * thermalloy * thm 6024 * heatsink on * lp package. * tone
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 10 figure 31. isolated output line powered switching power supply the above circuit shows the tlv431a/b as a compensated amplifier controlling the feedback loop of an isolated output line powered switching regulator. the output voltage is programmed to 3.3 v by the resistors values selected for r1 and r2. the minimum output voltage that can be programmed with this circuit is 2.64 v, and is limited by the sum of the reference voltage (1.24 v) and the forward drop of the optocoupler light emitting diode (1.4 v). capacitor c1 provides loop compensation. gate drive v cc controller v fb gnd current sense dc output 3.3 v r1 3.0 k r2 1.8 k 100 ac input c1 0.1 f anode reference nc nc cathode 5 4 1 2 3 tlv43 1xxx alyww pin connections and device marking (top view) 123 cathode anode reference 1 2 3 (top view) xxx = specific device code a = assembly location y = year l = wafer lot ww, w = work week = pb-free package (note: microdot may be in either location) 1. reference 2. anode 3. cathode to-92 tsop-5 sot-23-3 xxx = specific device code m = date code = pb-free package (note: microdot may be in either location) xxxm xxxayw
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 11 ordering information device device code package shipping ? tlv431alp alp to-92-3 6000/box tlv431alpg alp to-92-3 (pb-free) 6000/box tlv431alpra alp to-92-3 2000/tape & reel tlv431alprag alp to-92-3 (pb-free) 2000/tape & reel tlv431alpre alp to-92-3 2000/tape & reel tlv431alpreg alp to-92-3 (pb-free) 2000/tape & reel tlv431alprm alp to-92-3 2000/ammo pack tlv431alprmg alp to-92-3 (pb-free) 2000/ammo pack tlv431alprp alp to-92-3 2000/ammo pack tlv431alprpg alp to-92-3 (pb-free) 2000/ammo pack tlv431asnt1 raa tsop-5 3000/tape & reel tlv431asnt1g raa tsop-5 (pb-free) 3000/tape & reel tlv431asn1t1 raf sot-23-3 3000/tape & reel tlv431asn1t1g raf sot-23-3 (pb-free) 3000/tape & reel tlv431blp blp to-92-3 6000/box tlv431blpg blp to-92-3 (pb-free) 6000/box tlv431blpra blp to-92-3 2000/tape & reel tlv431blprag blp to-92-3 (pb-free) 2000/tape & reel tlv431blpre blp to-92-3 2000/tape & reel TLV431BLPREG blp to-92-3 (pb-free) 2000/tape & reel tlv431blprm blp to-92-3 2000/ammo pack tlv431blprmg blp to-92-3 (pb-free) 2000/ammo pack tlv431blprp blp to-92-3 2000/ammo pack tlv431blprpg blp to-92-3 (pb-free) 2000/ammo pack tlv431bsnt1 rah tsop-5 3000/tape & reel tlv431bsnt1g rah tsop-5 (pb-free) 3000/tape & reel tlv431bsn1t1 rag sot-23-3 3000/tape & reel tlv431bsn1t1g rag sot-23-3 (pb-free) 3000/tape & reel ?for information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our tape and reel packaging specifications brochure, brd8011/d.
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 12 package dimensions to-92 (to-226) lp suffix case 29-11 issue am notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. 3. contour of package beyond dimension r is uncontrolled. 4. lead dimension is uncontrolled in p and beyond dimension k minimum. r a p j l b k g h section x-x c v d n n xx seating plane dim min max min max millimeters inches a 0.175 0.205 4.45 5.20 b 0.170 0.210 4.32 5.33 c 0.125 0.165 3.18 4.19 d 0.016 0.021 0.407 0.533 g 0.045 0.055 1.15 1.39 h 0.095 0.105 2.42 2.66 j 0.015 0.020 0.39 0.50 k 0.500 --- 12.70 --- l 0.250 --- 6.35 --- n 0.080 0.105 2.04 2.66 p --- 0.100 --- 2.54 r 0.115 --- 2.93 --- v 0.135 --- 3.43 --- 1 notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per asme y14.5m, 1994. 2. controlling dimension: millimeters. 3. contour of package beyond dimension r is uncontrolled. 4. lead dimension is uncontrolled in p and beyond dimension k minimum. r a p j b k g section x-x c v d n xx seating plane dim min max millimeters a 4.45 5.20 b 4.32 5.33 c 3.18 4.19 d 0.40 0.54 g 2.40 2.80 j 0.39 0.50 k 12.70 --- n 2.04 2.66 p 1.50 4.00 r 2.93 --- v 3.43 --- 1 t straight lead bulk pack bent lead tape & reel ammo pack
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 13 package dimensions sot-23-3 sn1 suffix case 318-08 issue an *for additional information on our pb-free strategy and soldering details, please download the on semiconductor soldering and mounting techniques reference manual, solderrm/d. soldering footprint* sot-23-3 d a1 3 12 notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. 3. maximum lead thickness includes lead finish thickness. minimum lead thickness is the minimum thickness of base material. 4. 318-01 thru -07 and -09 obsolete, new standard 318-08. view c l 0.25 l1 e e e b a see view c dim a min nom max min millimeters 0.89 1.00 1.11 0.035 inches a1 0.01 0.06 0.10 0.001 b 0.37 0.44 0.50 0.015 c 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.003 d 2.80 2.90 3.04 0.110 e 1.20 1.30 1.40 0.047 e 1.78 1.90 2.04 0.070 l 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.004 0.040 0.044 0.002 0.004 0.018 0.020 0.005 0.007 0.114 0.120 0.051 0.055 0.075 0.081 0.008 0.012 nom max l1 h 2.10 2.40 2.64 0.083 0.094 0.104 h e 0.35 0.54 0.69 0.014 0.021 0.029 c mm inches scale 10:1 0.8 0.031 0.9 0.035 0.95 0.037 0.95 0.037 2.0 0.079
tlv431a, tlv431b http://onsemi.com 14 package dimensions tsop-5 sn suffix case 483-02 issue h notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per asme y14.5m, 1994. 2. controlling dimension: millimeters. 3. maximum lead thickness includes lead finish thickness. minimum lead thickness is the minimum thickness of base material. 4. dimensions a and b do not include mold flash, protrusions, or gate burrs. 5. optional construction: an additional trimmed lead is allowed in this location. trimmed lead not to extend more than 0.2 from body. dim min max millimeters a 3.00 bsc b 1.50 bsc c 0.90 1.10 d 0.25 0.50 g 0.95 bsc h 0.01 0.10 j 0.10 0.26 k 0.20 0.60 l 1.25 1.55 m 0 10 s 2.50 3.00 123 54 s a g l b d h c j 0.7 0.028 1.0 0.039 mm inches scale 10:1 0.95 0.037 2.4 0.094 1.9 0.074 *for additional information on our pb-free strategy and soldering details, please download the on semiconductor soldering and mounting techniques reference manual, solderrm/d. soldering footprint* 0.20 5x c ab t 0.10 2x 2x t 0.20 note 5 t seating plane 0.05 k m detail z detail z on semiconductor and are registered trademarks of semiconductor components industries, llc (scillc). scillc reserves the right to mak e changes without further notice to any products herein. scillc makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for an y particular purpose, nor does scillc assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including wi thout limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. typical parameters which may be provided in scillc data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different application s and actual performance may vary over time. all operating parameters, including typicals must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. scillc does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. scillc products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the scillc product could create a sit uation where personal injury or death may occur. should buyer purchase or use scillc products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, buyer shall indemnify and hold scillc and its of ficers, employees, subsidiaries, af filiates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, direct ly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that scillc was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. scillc is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. this literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner. publication ordering information n. american technical support : 800-282-9855 toll free usa/canada japan : on semiconductor, japan customer focus center ?2-9-1 kamimeguro, meguro-ku, tokyo, japan 153-0051 ? phone : 81-3-5773-3850 tlv431a/d literature fulfillment : ?literature distribution center for on semiconductor ?p.o. box 61312, phoenix, arizona 85082-1312 usa ? phone : 480-829-7710 or 800-344-3860 toll free usa/canada ? fax : 480-829-7709 or 800-344-3867 toll free usa/canada ? email : orderlit@onsemi.com on semiconductor website : http://onsemi.com order literature : http://www.onsemi.com/litorder for additional information, please contact your local sales representative.

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